The Pentagon has begun requiring male US service members aged 30 and over to undergo screening for testosterone deficiency, with tests to be carried out as part of routine health assessments.
The new policy, ordered by Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth, applies to active-duty personnel and reservists. Men under 30 will be offered the option of an annual screening.
Guidance issued by the Defence Health Agency sets out a standard process for blood tests and follow-up care. Troops diagnosed with hypogonadism, the medical term for low testosterone, may be offered treatment including testosterone replacement therapy where clinically appropriate.
Hegseth said in July that receiving treatment would remain voluntary, describing the programme as an effort to restore service members’ natural capabilities rather than provide artificial enhancement.
The policy is also intended to address what the Pentagon calls “Operator Syndrome” – a collection of health problems associated with the physical and psychological demands placed on troops in high-stress roles.
Military doctors have previously warned that sustained operational pressure, blast exposure, traumatic brain injuries and disrupted sleep can contribute to falling testosterone levels. Research has suggested that personnel in demanding assignments, including special operations, may face a heightened risk of hormone-related problems.
Female service members to be assessed for hormone symptoms
The new clinical guidance includes provisions for female personnel, who are to be asked about symptoms that could indicate hormonal dysregulation and referred for further assessment when necessary.
The Defence Health Agency said the guidance would establish consistent screening and treatment procedures across the military health system. It also includes clinical training for primary care providers and assigns responsibility for ensuring the policy is implemented.
The Pentagon said testosterone levels were an important marker of warfighter readiness, with potential effects on physical strength, bone density, aerobic fitness, depressive symptoms and cardiovascular health.
The department said its aim was to invest in the health of service members, improve performance and maximise military readiness.
